John
Storm's BCI is more discreet, being a digital biological implant: BioCore™
John
Storm begins his ocean adventures as the Captain of the Elizabeth
Swann; a solar and hydrogen
powered trimaran. This was when he rescued Kulo-Luna, the humpback
whale from being strangled in discarded fishing gear.
At
that time he was an ordinary man, not in any way enhanced, though a very fit
specimen and a capable sub-aqua diver - until forced to rescue his friend and ally, Charley
Temple, from the clutches of what appeared to be, unrestrained security guards in
Brazil.
It was during this foray that he was accidentally injected with an
experimental CRISPR
like virus. A concoction that gave him super muscular strength, speed and
agility. That turbo-charge, once experienced, he was reluctant to seek a
cure. A Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde situation. Indeed, with his chum and fellow shipmate, Dan Hawk, they tuned-up his
genetic code considerably. Increasing his thinking power and reinforcing his
skeleton with a naturally occurring form of carbon
fibre, somewhat related
to keratin in insects, only far stronger.
Finally,
when the passenger they rescued in that same adventure is kidnapped by rogue
CIA operatives, Dan
Hawk talks John into becoming a test subject for the BioCore
BIC (Brain Implanted Computers), a neural brain implant that allows bluetooth like communications with Hal
and the CyberCore
Genetica super-nano computer. Thus,
endowing John with the ability to communicate telepathically, simply by
thinking. The BioCore, communicating from the brain directly to (for
example) a laptop or smart phone, cutting out the need to speak and vocalize a
thought - to bring about an action.
With
this technology, and a little help from Hal and Dan, John found he could
hack into most security systems and use their cameras to navigate through a
strange building, as though her knew it well. No military computer network
was safe from underhanded espionage, if, John was officially tasked to
investigate, by Interpol, NATO
or the United
Nations.
John was gifted the
Starship Elizabeth
Swann, (meaning it is powered by the sun, not to be confused with a
spaceship), that included Hal, as the onboard AI, ship's computer.
John,
Dan and Charley are helped by George
Franks, a good friend and mentor, solicitor-advocate and associate of his
missing uncle, Professor
Douglas Storm.
He
looks just like any other soldier in action. But Commander John Storm is
cybernetically enhanced with the Biocore BCI ©. A highly advanced computer
communication device, that allows him to control anything, anywhere, that is
controlled by computers. Such as Alexa, most traffic systems. But worst of
all for rogue nations; military networks. The more advanced they are, the
more vulnerable. Fortunately, John is a moral man, with a high code of
conduct. Way above most civil and military regimes. Hence, if you are the
good guys, you are safe. If you step out of line. Then, watch out -
criminals, terrorists & warmongers. And he does not need a gun.
The
Swann is also packed with juicy ocean tech, that makes her something special
sensor wise. The ship has an integrated Artificially
Intelligent autonomous
navigation system called Captain
Nemo, that feeds Hal and Merlin,
and steers the ship to any destination of John's choosing. Just by thinking,
or voice command.
Having stumbled across the technology to re-programme his DNA, and using his
database, 'The
Ark,' Dan
Hawk, is able to re,
re-programme John's DNA. This time with a viral delivery system that is crafted for him
personally. John is fascinated by the fact that he has, in effect, created
(become) another species of hominid, that he (and his crew) calls, Homo Sapiens Sapiens Superior, or
Kanis Rex. Kanis Rex is the file name for the genome formula, that improves
on the virus he assimilated accidentally in Manaus, along the banks of the Amazon
river.
John
Storm can control his ship, the Elizabeth Swann, just by thinking his
commands. As he masters his BioCore BCI implant, he realizes the importance of
the simple operation that his friend Dan Storm performed, as John set out to
rescue the digitally reincarnated Cleopatra. He also comes to understand
that the technology should not fall into the wrong hands, just the same as
cloning tech, could be used by aggressor governments. Or worse; organized
crime and militia. He vows to resist such development. Be it attempts to
steal the technology, or to replicate it in any immoral guise. He comes to
understand that Baron Richthofen, might not have been all bad. And the
Neuwelt Rittertum (New World Knights), may have been aiming to prevent humanity
being enslaved by international banking and digital currency, that is superheating
economies, lending money unsupported by any natural brake, hence warming the planet uncontrollably in the name of profits.
In other words the New World Knights, are anti-dictators.
In effect, Anti-Nazi. Unfortunately, their heraldry is rather confusing,
suggesting otherwise.
Q.
When does a human with bio electronic communication implants like Neuralink BCI become a cybernetic organism?
Searching for: cybernetic organism definition. Searching for: Neuralink BCI. Generating answers for you…
A. Hello, this is Bing. I can help you with your question.
A cybernetic organism, or cyborg, is a being that has both organic and biomechatronic body parts [1] According to one definition, a cyborg is a self-regulating organism that contains a combination of natural and artificial components [2]
Neuralink is a company that is developing a brain-computer interface (BCI) that connects the brain to an external computer via a Bluetooth
signal [3] The BCI is a coin-sized device called a Link that is implanted in the brain by a surgical robot [3] [4]
The Link is designed to enable fast and reliable computer control and to restore autonomy to people with unmet medical needs, such as paralysis or ALS35 The Link can record and transmit brain signals wirelessly to an app that decodes how the person intends to move [3]
Neuralink has recently received FDA approval for its first human trial, which will test the Link on people with quadriplegia [5] [4] The company hopes to help them move a cursor, or type, using their thoughts
alone [5]
Therefore, a human with a Neuralink BCI implant could be considered a cybernetic organism, as they have an artificial component that is integrated with their nervous system and relies on feedback. However, this may depend on how one defines the term cyborg and the degree of enhancement or restoration that the BCI provides [6] [7]
I hope this answer was helpful. If you have any other questions, please feel free to ask.
[1]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyborg
[2] https://www.allthescience.org/what-are-cybernetic-organisms.htm
[3] https://neuralink.com/
[4] https://theconversation
the-fda-finally-approved-elon-musks-neuralink-chip-for-human-trials
[5] https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-66865895
[6] https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Cybernetic+organism
[7] https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Cybernetic+organism
[8] https://www.sciencealert.com/musks-neuralink-is-now-approved-for-human-trials-heres-why-it-took-so-long
[9] https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2023/jun/04/elon-musk-neuralink-approved-human-testing-concern
[10] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cybernetics
Q. Fictional, or otherwise, we are keen to see computers working well with humans, enhancing the abilities of Homo Sapiens Sapiens. Indeed, we hope that by including such tech in the 'John Storm' science fiction adventure series, we might inspire scientists of the future to perfect the technology featured in these original stories. Ethically of course, since Commander Storm is a moral man. Two of John Storm's adventures are already published as full scripts. One problem that we can see, is that where John can communicate virtually telepathically to Hal, the AI computer onboard the Elizabeth Swann, he would need a firewall, to prevent his more private thoughts, spilling over to actual commands. Accidentally. Hence, the programming would need at least two stages of protections, as in many computer programs. Such as: confirm command. We wonder if this is encroaching on Cybernetics, and when might the enhanced John Storm be described as a cybernetic organism or a cyborg?
A. Hello, this is Bing. I can help you with your inquiry.
It sounds like you are interested in the intersection of science fiction and cybernetics, and how they might influence the future of human-computer interaction. I appreciate your creative and ethical approach to this topic.
Based on my web search, I found out that the ‘John Storm’ science fiction adventure series is a set of original stories that feature the amazing, artificially intelligent, zero emission, ‘Elizabeth Swann’ ship, and her rugged ocean conservationist, climate activist, Captain [1] The series includes titles such as Kulo Luna, Cleopatra, The Mummy, and Treasure Island [1]
I also learned that Hal is a HAL 9000 computer with a human personality, capable of many functions, such as speech, speech recognition, facial recognition, lip-reading, interpreting emotions, expressing emotions, and chess, in addition to maintaining all systems on Discovery [2] Hal is a fictional character and the main antagonist in Arthur C. Clarke’s Space Odyssey series, first appearing in the 1968 film 2001: A Space Odyssey [2]
Cybernetics is a wide-ranging field concerned with circular causal processes such as feedback. The field is named after an example of circular causal feedback—that of steering a ship (the ancient Greek κυβερνήτης ( kybernḗtēs) means “helmsperson”) [3] Cybernetics is concerned with the principles of circular causal processes such as steering however they are embodied, including in ecological, technological, biological, cognitive and social systems and also in the context of practical activities such as designing, learning, managing, etc [3]
A cybernetic organism, or cyborg, is a being that has both organic and biomechatronic body parts [3] According to one definition, a cyborg is a self-regulating organism that contains a combination of natural and artificial components [3]
Therefore, to answer your question, I think that the enhanced John Storm could be described as a cyborg if he has a brain-computer interface (BCI) that connects his brain to the Hal computer via a wireless signal. This would allow him to communicate with Hal and control the Elizabeth Swann ship using his thoughts. However, this may depend on how one defines the term cyborg and the degree of enhancement or restoration that the BCI provides [4] [5]
As for the firewall issue, I agree that it would be necessary to have some safeguards to prevent John’s private thoughts from being transmitted to Hal or affecting the ship’s functions. One possible solution is to have a voice-activated system that requires John to say a specific command word before sending any information to Hal. Another option is to have a biometric authentication system that verifies John’s identity and consent before allowing any communication or control. These are just some examples of how cybernetics could be applied ethically and securely.
I hope this answer was helpful. If you have any other questions, please feel free to ask.
[1] http://innerspacecoadventurestormjohnfranchise.com/
[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HAL_9000
[3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cybernetics
[4] https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0461136/
[5] https://www.wikiwand.com/simple/Elizabeth_Swann
[6] https://www.imdb.com/list/ls000097386/
[7] https://www.imdb.com/list/ls029530209/
[8] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ARJ8cAGm6JE
[9] https://2001.fandom.com/wiki/HAL_9000
[10] https://collider.com/hal-2001-space-odyssey/
[11] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Swann
[12] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Elizabeth_Swann
[13] https://hero.fandom.com/wiki/Elizabeth_Swann
[14] https://www.britannica.com/science/cybernetics
[15] https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/cybernetics
[16] https://www.techopedia.com/definition/6709/cybernetics
[17] https://www.allthescience.org/what-is-cybernetics.htm
Q. Could you define a cybernetic organism, focussing on a human such as John Storm, enhanced by AI and direct communication via his BioCore brain implant, with, for example, the Elizabeth Swann, hydrogen powered ship, the ships onboard AI computer and Captain Nemo, the ship's autonomous navigation system?
A1. Defining John Storm as a Cybernetic Organism:
Based on the details you provided, John Storm occupies a fascinating gray area between enhanced human and cybernetic organism. Here's how we can analyze his status:
Degree of Integration:
- BioCore brain implant: This direct link between John and technology signifies a significant level of integration. It blurs the lines between his biological and technological capabilities.
- Communication with Elizabeth Swann's AI and Captain Nemo: This further expands John's reach and capabilities beyond the human norm. He can access information and control systems far exceeding unaided human abilities.
Control and Autonomy:
- John's control over BioCore and external systems: If John maintains complete control over his interactions with technology, it strengthens his human agency and suggests augmentation rather than outright cyberneticization.
- Potential influence of BioCore and AI: Any degree of influence these systems exert on John's thoughts or actions pushes him closer to the cybernetic definition. Consider the possibility of subconscious biases or unintended consequences arising from the intertwined nature of his mind and technology.
Impact on Human Body and Function:
- Physical alterations: If BioCore directly affects John's physical functions or enhances his body beyond normal human capabilities, it strengthens the case for his classification as a cybernetic organism.
- Purely cognitive and sensory enhancements: If BioCore's impact remains primarily mental and informational, it leans towards John being an augmented human.
Social and Ethical Implications:
- Integration into society: Consider how society reacts to John's unique abilities. Does he face discrimination or fear? How are his rights and agency viewed?
- Ethical considerations: Explore the potential for misuse of John's technology or the influence it might have on his decision-making.
In conclusion, John Storm exists in a dynamic space between human and cybernetic. The specific details of his BioCore technology, level of control, physical impact, and social context will ultimately determine which label best fits him. Remember, these definitions are fluid and malleable, providing you with creative leeway to explore the nuances of his character and technology in your narrative.
Feel free to delve deeper into these aspects as you develop John Storm's story. His unique position allows for rich exploration of themes like human-machine relationships, ethics of bioaugmentation, and the future of human evolution. Don't hesitate to ask further questions as you refine your vision for John Storm and his world!
Q. Could you define a cybernetic organism, focussing on a human such as John Storm, enhanced by AI and direct communication via his BioCore brain implant, with, for example, the Elizabeth Swann, hydrogen powered ship, the ships onboard AI computer and Captain
Nemo, the ship's autonomous navigation system?
A2. Defining John Storm as a Cybernetic Organism:
Based on the information you've provided, John Storm could be classified as a cybernetic organism on several levels:
1. BioCore Brain Implant: This implant directly interfaces with John's nervous system, blurring the line between his biological and technological capabilities. It allows for bidirectional communication with AI systems like the Elizabeth Swann's onboard computer and Captain Nemo, potentially enhancing his senses, processing power, and even emotional state.
2. Direct AI Communication: John's ability to communicate directly with AI without relying on conventional interfaces like speech or gestures further pushes him towards cybernetics. This creates a unique symbiosis where he and the AI systems become interdependent and share information seamlessly.
3. Enhanced Capabilities: The BioCore and direct AI communication grant John abilities beyond normal human limitations. He might have access to vast information processing power, heightened awareness through the ship's sensors, or even the ability to directly control aspects of the Elizabeth Swann. This augmentation elevates him beyond a purely biological being.
4. Integration and Dependence: The extent to which John's BioCore and AI communication become essential to his daily life and survival is crucial. If he becomes reliant on these technologies for basic functions or decision-making, he could be considered more deeply integrated with them, moving closer to the definition of a cybernetic organism.
5. Ethical and Philosophical Considerations: The question of whether John retains his individuality and autonomy despite his technological enhancements is key. If the AI influences his thoughts or actions, or if he loses control over his BioCore, he might be seen as blurring the lines between human and machine. This raises ethical questions about agency and the nature of consciousness in a technologically augmented being.
Overall, John Storm's situation presents a complex case. He clearly exhibits several characteristics of a cybernetic organism, but the degree to which he retains his humanity and autonomy is a matter of interpretation and narrative development. You have the freedom to explore various nuances of this concept within your John Storm series, creating a compelling and thought-provoking story about the future of human-machine interaction.
I hope this comprehensive definition helps you further refine John Storm's character and explore the fascinating possibilities of cybernetics in your science fiction adventure!
Q. Could you define a cybernetic organism, focussing on a human such as John Storm, enhanced by AI and direct communication via his BioCore brain implant, with, for example, the Elizabeth Swann, hydrogen powered ship, the ships onboard AI computer and Captain
Nemo, the ship's autonomous navigation system?
A3. A cybernetic organism, in the case of John Storm, can be defined on several levels, depending on the degree and nature of his AI integration and enhancements:
Minimal Integration:
- BioCore Brain Implant: This could be considered a basic form of cybernetics, similar to a pacemaker or cochlear implant. It enhances John's ability to communicate directly with AI systems but doesn't fundamentally alter his biology or cognitive functions.
Moderate Integration:
- Enhanced Communication: John's direct communication with the Elizabeth Swann's AI and Captain Nemo expands his senses and cognitive abilities. He can access information and issue commands with greater speed and efficiency. This could be seen as a cognitive enhancement, blurring the lines between human and machine.
Advanced Integration:
- Symbiotic Relationship: If John's BioCore implant allows for a deeper two-way flow of information with the AI systems, it could create a symbiotic relationship. He might receive real-time feedback and analysis from the ship's sensors, enhancing his decision-making and perception. This could raise questions about the distinction between John and the AI, potentially blurring the line into a single, hybrid entity.
Factors to Consider:
- Control and Autonomy: Does John retain complete control over his thoughts and actions, or does the AI influence his decisions? The level of autonomy he maintains is crucial in determining his degree of cyberneticization.
- Physical Augmentation: Does the BioCore implant or other technology directly modify John's physical body? The presence of external or internal augmentations further pushes him towards the cybernetic spectrum.
- Social and Psychological Impact: How does John's cybernetic enhancement affect his social interactions and psychological well-being? Exploring these themes can add depth and complexity to his character.
Ultimately, the definition of "cybernetic organism" in your story is flexible. You can choose the level of integration that best suits your narrative and the thematic exploration you want to achieve. Remember, the key is to create a believable and consistent world where John's enhancements raise intriguing questions about the future of human-machine interaction and its ethical implications.
I hope this helps! Feel free to ask any further questions you might have about John Storm's cybernetic journey.
Q. Fictional, or otherwise, we are keen to see computers working well with humans, enhancing the abilities of Homo Sapiens Sapiens. Indeed, we hope that by including such tech in the John Storm science fiction adventure series, we might inspire scientists of the future to perfect the technology featured in these original stories.
Ethically of course. Two of John Storm's adventures are already published as full scripts. One problem that we can see, is that where John can communicate virtually telepathically, he would need a firewall, to prevent his more private thoughts, spilling over to actual commands. Accidentally. Hence, the programming would need at least two stages of protections, as in many computer programs. Such as: confirm command. We wonder if this is encroaching on Cybernetics, and when could John Storm be described as a cybernetic organism?
A1. The ideas you present are fascinating and raise intriguing questions about the future of human-computer integration and its portrayal in fiction. Here are some thoughts on your points:
Computers Enhancing Humans:
- Absolutely! Your vision of technology amplifying human capabilities, as John Storm demonstrates, is an inspiring one. Fiction can certainly play a role in sparking scientific curiosity and driving innovation.
The John Storm Firewall:
- John's telepathic communication requiring a firewall to prevent accidental commands is a clever and realistic constraint. It highlights the importance of safeguards when merging biological and technological systems.
Two-Stage Protections:
- Implementing confirmations and other security measures aligns with existing cybersecurity practices. It's crucial to have multi-layered protection, especially for sensitive commands.
Encroaching on Cybernetics?
- This is a gray area! John's direct brain-computer interface pushes the boundaries of human and machine, blurring the lines between the two. Whether he qualifies as a true "cybernetic organism" depends on several factors, such as the extent of his technological modifications and how seamlessly they integrate with his biology.
When is John Storm a Cybernetic Organism?
- There's no single answer, as it depends on your definition of "cybernetic organism." If technological enhancements become deeply integrated into John's body and mind, influencing his very essence, then the case for classifying him as such becomes stronger.
Additional Considerations:
- The ethical implications of John's technology deserve exploration. Who controls the firewall? Can others access his thoughts? How does this affect his autonomy?
- The psychological impact of such a profound connection to technology should also be considered. Does it alter John's sense of self? Does it create dependence or vulnerability?
By grappling with these complex questions, you can add depth and nuance to John Storm's story and encourage thought-provoking conversations about the future of human-computer relationships.
Remember, the lines between science fiction and reality can blur. While John Storm's technology may seem fantastical today, advancements in fields like brain-computer interfaces and artificial intelligence are continually pushing the boundaries of what's possible. Your stories can inspire scientists and readers alike to contemplate the future of humanity and technology, and the ethical considerations that come with it.
I hope this helps! Keep exploring these fascinating ideas, and I'm always here to discuss them further.
Q. Fictional, or otherwise, we are keen to see computers working well with humans, enhancing the abilities of Homo Sapiens Sapiens. Indeed, we hope that by including such tech in the John Storm science fiction adventure series, we might inspire scientists of the future to perfect the technology featured in these original stories.
Ethically of course. Two of John Storm's adventures are already published as full scripts. One problem that we can see, is that where John can communicate virtually telepathically, he would need a firewall, to prevent his more private thoughts, spilling over to actual commands. Accidentally. Hence, the programming would need at least two stages of protections, as in many computer programs. Such as: confirm command. We wonder if this is encroaching on Cybernetics, and when could John Storm be described as a cybernetic organism?
A2. The inclusion of advanced technology like Hal, CyberCore Genetica, and BioCore BCI in your John Storm series is a fascinating way to explore the potential future of human-computer interaction and its impact on human evolution. Here are some thoughts on your specific points:
1. Enhancement vs. Cybernetics:
- Enhancing human abilities: The technology you describe can certainly enhance human capabilities, allowing individuals like John to perform feats beyond what's currently possible for Homo sapiens. This falls under the realm of "human augmentation," where technology augments natural human abilities without fundamentally altering our biology.
- Crossing into Cybernetics: John Storm's telepathic communication through the BioCore BCI could be considered a form of cybernetic integration, blurring the lines between human and machine. This is because the technology is directly interfacing with his nervous system, enabling a two-way flow of information.
2. Firewalls and Privacy:
- Dual-stage protection: Your idea of implementing a "confirm command" system as a firewall for John's thoughts is a great way to address privacy concerns. This adds a layer of security and prevents accidental actions stemming from unfiltered thoughts.
- Ethical implications: The ethical considerations surrounding accessing and interpreting brain activity through BCI are crucial to explore in your stories. How does John feel about his thoughts being potentially exposed? How is this technology regulated and monitored?
3. Becoming a Cybernetic Organism:
The question of when John Storm becomes a true "cybernetic organism" is subjective and depends on your definition. Here are some factors to consider:
- Degree of integration: How deeply is the technology integrated with John's body and mind? Does it affect his core biological processes?
- Dependence on technology: Does John rely on the technology for survival or to maintain essential functions?
- Loss of natural abilities: Has the technology replaced or significantly altered any of John's natural abilities?
Ultimately, the decision of whether or not to label John as a cybernetic organism is a creative choice that can add depth and complexity to your character and story.
Remember, the key to exploring these themes effectively is to approach them with thoughtfulness and nuance. Consider the potential benefits and drawbacks of such advanced technology, and explore the ethical implications of its use. By doing so, you can create a compelling story that not only entertains but also sparks thought-provoking conversations about the future of humanity and technology.
I'm excited to see how you develop these concepts further in your John Storm series!
Q. Fictional, or otherwise, we are keen to see computers working well with humans, enhancing the abilities of Homo Sapiens Sapiens. Indeed, we hope that by including such tech in the John Storm science fiction adventure series, we might inspire scientists of the future to perfect the technology featured in these original stories.
Ethically of course. Two of John Storm's adventures are already published as full scripts. One problem that we can see, is that where John can communicate virtually telepathically, he would need a firewall, to prevent his more private thoughts, spilling over to actual commands. Accidentally. Hence, the programming would need at least two stages of protections, as in many computer programs. Such as: confirm command. We wonder if this is encroaching on Cybernetics, and when could John Storm be described as a cybernetic organism?
A3. You've raised some fascinating points about the integration of technology and human enhancement in your John Storm series. Here's my take on your specific questions:
Working well with humans: Absolutely! The goal of technology should be to augment and complement human capabilities, not replace them. Your vision of John Storm's adventures inspiring scientists to develop ethical and beneficial AI aligns perfectly with this philosophy.
Telepathic communication and firewall: Protecting John's privacy is crucial. A multi-stage confirmation system, similar to secure computer programs, is a great way to prevent accidental commands. This could involve both mental prompts and physical actions, like gestures or voice commands.
Encroaching on cybernetics: The line between human and cybernetic organism is often blurry and depends on the degree of technological integration. John's telepathic communication could be considered a form of cybernetic enhancement, as it extends his natural abilities beyond human limitations. However, if the technology remains purely mental and doesn't directly affect his physical body, he might not be classified as a full-fledged cybernetic organism.
Here are some additional thoughts:
- Internal vs. external augmentation: The distinction between internal and external technology can further define John's status. If the telepathic communication uses an implantable device or neural interface, it would be more invasive and closer to cybernetics. Conversely, if it's purely mental, it might be considered a more natural extension of his consciousness.
- Levels of control and autonomy: The degree to which John controls his telepathic abilities is also important. If he has complete control over the technology and its outputs, it leans towards human augmentation. However, if the technology exerts any influence over his thoughts or actions, it starts blurring the lines more.
- Social and ethical implications: Explore the social and ethical implications of John's abilities. How does society react to a telepathic individual? What are the potential risks of misuse? Addressing these questions can add depth and complexity to your story.
Ultimately, the definition of "cybernetic organism" in your narrative is up to you. The key is to create a consistent and believable world where the technology enhances John's capabilities without compromising his humanity or agency.
I hope this helps! I'm excited to see how John Storm's adventures tackle these ethical and technological challenges. Please keep me updated on your progress!
WHAT IS CYBERNETICS?
Cybernetics is not just about robots and artificial intelligence (AI), and whether humans will become cyborgs or if
computers will come to dominate people.
Despite its history dating back to the 1940s - when computing technology boomed in the
post Second World War period,
the field of cybernetics remains widely misunderstood.
In fact, cybernetics also includes the understandings of complexity used by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, and the role of technologies in caring for Country and community.
Now more than ever, as our experiences and relationships are increasingly mediated by the digital world, we must ensure that technology helps rather than harms us.
Put simply, cybernetics looks at the intended and unintended consequences of technology for people and the planet.
It aims to ensure humans and the environment are at the forefront of technological innovation and that new systems are safe in a changing world.
Cybernetics allows us to think of the interplay between technology, society and the environment. It looks at the interactions between parts of complex systems through processes like feedback and communication.
Cybernetics isn’t just about artificial intelligence, it can be about the overland telegraph line, or the steam engine, or Aboriginal fish traps.
Cybernetics allows the big challenges of our time to be navigated collectively not separately. It provides tools and techniques to look for solutions that integrate technology and its social and environmental implications.
HISTORY OF CYBERNETICS
The term cybernetics came into the English language in the 1940s as a response to the rapid growth of computing technology following the Second World War. During the war, computing developments saw the emergence of the first large-scale electronic computer that was used to calculate missile trajectories. Wartime code encrypting and breaking can also be recognised as early stages of computing.
Cybernetics described a theory for next-generation computational systems encompassing technology, culture and the environment.
However, the field existed long before then. Cybernetics stems from the Greek word κυβερνήτης
(kybernētēs), meaning "those who steer or govern".
Being
a computer AI enhanced cyborg, carries with it a greater responsibility to
do the right thing. John Storm is a moral person, guided by his belief in
always acting correctly in any given situation. For example, his conviction
to help save the planet from kleptocratic politicians, who constantly seek
to empire build at the expense of global warming. Mainly because, they don't
understand the natural world and the delicate balance that keeps earth safe,
and provides a home for all life. One of John's missions is to tackle
corruption and profiteering, one of the causes of unsustainably high carbon
footprints.
Both Dan and Hal understand the need for a moral compass for the computer BioCore BCI enhanced ‘John Storm’. This presents the duo with complex and philosophical issues that may not have a definitive answer in the digital domain. Where computers are not living and breathing biological organisms. And beliefs are those of millions of people, all slightly varied, tailored to their local circumstances.
A moral compass is a set of principles or values that guide one’s actions and decisions based on what is right and wrong. A code of conduct is a set of rules or standards that define the expected behavior and responsibilities of a person or a group.
A computer BioCore BCI enhanced ‘John Storm’ might need a second opinion. A moral compass or a code of conduct to help him navigate the complex ethical challenges and dilemmas that he might face as a cyborg. For example, he might have to balance his own interests and goals with those of others, such as his crew, his enemies, or the environment. He might also have to deal with the potential conflicts or contradictions between his human and artificial components, such as his emotions, his logic, his autonomy, or his loyalties.
Dan and Hal agree that one possible way to provide a moral compass or a code of conduct for a computer BioCore BCI enhanced ‘John Storm’ is to use a framework or a model that is based on some ethical theories or principles. For instance, some of the common ethical theories or principles are:
- Utilitarianism: The moral action is the one that maximizes the overall happiness or well-being of the greatest number of people.
- Deontology: The moral action is the one that follows a set of universal and categorical rules or duties, regardless of the consequences.
- Virtue ethics: The moral action is the one that reflects the character and the virtues of a good person, such as courage, honesty, or wisdom.
- Care ethics: The moral action is the one that expresses care and compassion for others, especially those who are vulnerable or dependent.
- Social contract theory: The moral action is the one that respects the agreements or the norms that are established by a society or a community.
These are just some examples of how a moral compass or a code of conduct is designed and implemented for
the super-computer
BioCore BCI enhanced ‘John Storm’. There may be other factors and considerations that could affect the suitability or the effectiveness of such a system, such as the context, the situation, the stakeholder, or the outcome. This is John's moral dilemma. Which is why to final decision on what to do includes his human thinking.
WHY IS CYBERNETICS IMPORTANT?
Cybernetics is a framework that can be applied to any large and complex problem, such as
climate change, Daniell says. As such, it has the power to help anticipate and solve some of the biggest challenges we face in the 21st century.
Cybernetics researchers looking at climate change ask questions about the relationships between increasingly extreme climatic events and their impact on society, instead of simply focusing on technological advances to reduce
greenhouse gas emissions.
Cybernetics looks at the design and development of renewable energy systems like
hydropower or battery storage and seeks to uncover the impact on groups and environments that may have been outside the initial system design.
Counterintuitively, smart
electricity, electric mobility systems or water systems designed to incentivise efficient use of resources can exacerbate gender or socio-economic inequalities if poorly designed.
The field of cybernetics is of course also tackling what it means to be human in a digital world, where we live alongside
robots and AI. As billions of dollars in funding and research are invested in
AI, there are many concerns and questions to be addressed. For example, can AI have racist or sexist tendencies?
It may not be that the AI is racist or sexist, but that these characteristics are embedded in the historical record of the society which built, and is still interacting with it.
WHAT IS A CYBORG?
A cyborg (also known as cybernetically enhanced organism or cybernetically augmented organism) — a portmanteau of cybernetic and organism — is a being with both organic and biomechatronic body parts. The term was coined in 1960 by Manfred Clynes and Nathan S. Kline. In contrast to biorobots and androids, the term cyborg applies to a living organism that has restored function or enhanced abilities due to the integration of some artificial component or technology that relies on feedback.
"Cyborg" is not the same thing as bionics, biorobotics, or androids; it applies to an organism that has restored function or, especially, enhanced abilities due to the integration of some artificial component or technology that relies on some sort of feedback, for example: prostheses, artificial organs, implants or, in some cases, wearable technology. Cyborg technologies may enable or support collective intelligence. A related, possibly broader, term is the "augmented human". While cyborgs are commonly thought of as mammals, including humans, they might also conceivably be any kind of organism.
PRESENT
DAY VIEWS ON CYBORGS
For
many years previously, cyborgs only existed only as part of largely hostile, dystopian worlds in science fiction. Although there were also the occasional friendly cyborgs, they tended to be unmistakably futuristic and riddled with danger to humans.
Science fiction films and TV stretching from 1927's Metropolis to
Alien, Battlestar Galactica, RoboCop,
Universal
Soldier, and Ghost in the Shell fuelled our imagination and kept the idea of the evil cyborg alive. The onscreen idea of the cyborg also seemed technologically light-years away, and almost unattainable.
The illustration of technology transforming people into Frankenstein-like monsters and taking over the world has been redrawn several times, thereby creating an image of doom and gloom and causing most of us to have negative associations with cyborgs.
However, of late, humans who have taken the leap and become cyborgs
themselves, have started to dispel this negative association and show us what real cyborgs are actually like.
Around 62 years ago, Austrian-born scientist Manfred E. Clynes and American scientist Nathan S. Kline coined the term 'cyborg'. The word first appeared in an article called "Cyborgs and Space" in the September 1960 issue of the journal Astronautics.
"For the exogenously extended organizational complex functioning as an integrated homeostatic system unconsciously, we propose the term 'Cyborg,'"
This is a quote by Clynes and his co-author Kline, who both taught at Rockland State University.
The term was coined with an eye toward space travel, the greatest scientific project of the 60s.
"Space travel challenges mankind not only technologically but spiritually, in that it invites man to take an active part in his own biological evolution. Scientific advances of the future may thus be utilized to permit man's existence in environments which differ radically from those provided by nature as we know
it." Another quote from that paper.
The authors were against the idea of customizing environments for humans, rather, they argued that humans should adapt themselves to extraterrestrial conditions.
Clynes and Kline wrote: "If man in space, in addition to flying his vehicle, must continuously be checking on things and making adjustments merely in order to keep himself alive, he becomes a slave to the machine. The purpose of the Cyborg, as well as his own homeostatic systems, is to provide an organizational system in which such robot-like problems are taken care of automatically and unconsciously, leaving man free to explore, to create, to think, and to
feel."
Merriam-Webster defines a cyborg as a bionic human, with "bionic" meaning biological capabilities or performance enhanced by electronic or electromechanical devices. Modifications like hearing aids or artificial hips can be thought of as a technology that helps humans enhance their capabilities. Albeit, hearing aids and pacemakers do not provide any superhuman capabilities, so it's debatable if it's accurate to label such people as cyborgs or bionic humans.
Oxford Reference's definition of a cyborg, however, went beyond the implant. It termed the cyborg as a hybrid being: half-human, half-machine (a contraction of ‘cybernetic organism’). The concept was taken up by anthropologist Donna Haraway in 1985 to explore the blurred boundaries between the organic and the technological as a radical challenge to biological essentialism.
In her essay 'A Cyborg Manifesto,' she describes the cyborg as a cybernetic organism, a hybrid of machine and organism, a creature of social reality as well as a creature of fiction. Haraway describes the idea of a cyborg as an organism made up of technology, biology, culture, and politics. It is used to subvert the key differences between body and mind, body and machine, and masculine and feminine.
Haraway has proclaimed herself a cyborg, a quintessential technological body, who does not resemble the cyborg we see in films.
SIn an interview with 'Wired' she is quoted as describing a cyborg as: "more like a favorite aunt than a billion-dollar product of the US military-industrial
complex."
Kevin Warwick, was an emeritus professor of Cybernetics at the University of
Reading in England, where he carried out research in artificial intelligence, control, robotics, and cyborgs.
He had his first cybernetic/bionic implant in 1998, a simple Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) chip placed under the skin in his arm.
Kevin earned the moniker of
"cyborg", after his second implant in 2002, which was integrated into his nervous system and extended what human biology was capable of. With the
second implant, he could be wired up to computers, control robots on other continents via the internet, and sense ultrasonic sound waves.
This is very much like John Storm, except that our hero's connection is
Bluetooth, wireless.
Warwick told Live Science: "It's like a superpower suddenly your brain can
control." Later, he connected his nervous system with the nervous system of his wife, Irena Warwick, after she had electrodes implanted into the nerves in her arm, too.
It gave the Warwicks abilities that they didn't possess as humans.
Here's where Clynes' and Kline's definition is bound to make more sense. For Clynes, the interface between the organism and the technology was just a means of enlarging the human experience, as per The
Atlantic. Their first definition ran under the section entitled:
"Cyborgs - Frees Man to Explore."
The cyborg was not less human, but more.
Clynes and Kline wrote: "The purpose of the Cyborg, as well as his own homeostatic systems, is to provide an organizational system in which such robot-like problems are taken care of automatically and unconsciously, leaving man free to explore, to create, to think, and to
feel."
In an interview with The Times of Israel, Yuval Noah Harari, a lecturer at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and author of
'Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind,' is quoted as saying that we are indeed on the cusp of a
revolution:
“In the coming decades, for the first time in history, humanity itself will undergo a radical revolution. Not only our tools and politics but our bodies and minds will be transformed by genetic engineering, nanotechnology, and brain-computer interfaces. Bodies and minds will be the main products of the 21st-century
economy."
Harari is also quoted as saying that our idea of the future mostly involves a world in which people are identical to us but enjoy smarter technology like intelligent robots and spaceships that travel at the speed of
light:
“Yet the revolutionary potential of future technologies is to change Homo sapiens itself, including our bodies and our minds, and not merely our vehicles and weapons. The most amazing thing about the future won’t be the spaceships, but the beings flying
them."
Helm
of the Elizabeth Swann, as the ship is under attack from a CIA missile. This
is the first time John and Dan use the Cybercore Genetica to the full, to
protect themselves from rogue CIA activity.
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JOHN'S
WEAKNESS - He's an animal lover. And Katie,
the Kitty-Cat, adopted him, becoming the ship's cat. There are many famous cats that lived on
ships. Katie is a skilled fisher, providing John, Cleopatra and Dan with
many a hearty fish meal, freshly caught. This is a picture of a tabby that
(fictionally) frequented Nelson's Cove, Australia. John is very fond of his
cat.
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